Thermo-hygrostat.



E. Nl. JONES.

THERMO HYGROSTAT.

APPLICATION FILED IuLY 20.1914.

LQQ.' I Patented Now-7. 30, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. M. lomas. THERMO HYGRGSTAT.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20,- |914.

Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

Hoi

wim/5835s Anm/EVS E. M. JONES.

THERMO HYGROSTAT.

APPLICATION msu suur 2o, 1914.

l @QAQG. www@ Nov. 30, 1915,

5 SHEETS SHEET 3. 7 r

IN1/Huron E. V. JONES.

THERMO HYGROSTAT.

APPUcATloM FILED xuLYrzo. i914.

Mmmm,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Pai-ente'Nov. 30, 1915.

IPJf/EFJTOR ATTORNEYS WTNESSES E. M. JONES.

THERMO HYGRQSMT.` l APPLICATION HLED JULY 20. 194. `l9l@,49 atented Nov. 30, 19l5.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

' fnLn-EEM. JONES, on

A 1 Siiec'icatlioniof Letters Patent.;

Annemie.. imprimen.

TnEBMof-nvcinoernr.

` 4Alipucnmi'n.1'ed J'uiy 20,1914. serial-no. $512,036, i

citizen'of theUnited States, and a resident of Adrian, inthe-County of Lenawee and State of; Michigan, have made certainnew vand useful Improvements in .Thermo-Hy'- grostats,.of which Hcation.'

the` following isa speci- My invention -relates to improvementsfin ,devices for automaticallyregulating the *'temperature and humidity of they air in sleeping-rooms, living rooms, hospitals, etc.,v

i ha device. which 4is relatively simple in its I nature,

but which operates positively to reg-v ulatethe hygrostatic conditions without the' necessity offrequent adjustment.

A further Aobj ect lof my invention is to `provide a device of the .type described in which the desired vamount ofhumidity may be varied at will.

Other objectsnd advantages will appear in the followingispecification and the novel features of the device will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims;

My inventionis illustrated inthe accompanying drawings'forming part of this application-in 'which- .Fgure 1 is a1 apparatus as a Whole,

, Aas" diagrammatic ,viewof the Fig. 2 is a perspective view of'a portion of the electric contact device, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of the means for controlling the flow of water, Fig. 4 is a section through the vaporizer and certain parts connected therewith, Fig. 5 lis a perspective view showing in detail the arms of the thermostatiand the contactscontrolled thereby, Fig. 5f? is a sec'- tio11 along the line 5?-5a of Fig. 5.,`Fig. 6 i 1sy a's'ectional view through the thermostat,

7 is a. pers ective view of the thermo- 12 arefdiagramma'tic views showing the vastatic device, fig," 8 is 'a sectionalgview through the vaporizer, Figs. 9, 1 0, 11 and rions positions of the contact members illustratedin Fig. 2, and Fig. .13 is a diagrammatic view showing the connectionslof the furnace doors to the operating room. ,l

lIn .order to have a thorough understanding of the construction and operation ofthis device, it .is'necessary to `consider certain aspectsor conditions. tobe met with in thel regulation of thev humidity and temperature construc- This arrangementis what Fig. 6 only O l as'. forth., Il'theredis anabundance of v Be it known that I, ELMERM:v JONES, a y

moisture in the air a thermometer will register the same'l number ofdegrees whether the bulb -is dry or is -moistened with water.

-On the .other hand, if the air contains little 4moisture it will cause'the moist bulb of the thermometer to register lower. than the dry vhereinafter described.'V I will firstA describe Patenten nov. so, 'ie-i5.

the construction and operation of the thermostat Referring then. to Figs. 6 'and-7 I have shown a casing 1 having vertically eX- tendin'g rods'2 carried thereby. v The sides of the casing are provided with slots 3 through which the ends of bell-cranklevers 4 are designed to pass, these leversbeing pivotally .mounted on the rod 2, as shown in'Fig. Securedto'the casing at 5 is one of a plurality of expansion wires 6.v These wires may be such as Zinc. It'will be noted that the Wires 6 are pivotally the bell-crank levers y4. The arrangement forms a compact expansion device, one end of the expansion devicebeing securedto the casing at 5, as stated, and the other end being attached by means of a chain, or other suitable member y to the end of a lever 9. I term the dry It will be observedinl a few of the levers are shown, but it will be'understood that all of the wires 6 are connected in series'in the manner described and form'part of the expansion member.

The 'wet wire on the samecasing with the dry'wire' thermostat. To this end the lower wires 10 are Wire thermostat.

designed to be. attached toA levers similar tov the levers 4, one end of the lower wires being secured to the casing in a similar` manner to that shown in Fig. 6 the other end being secured by means of the flexible mem- 4ber 11l to al lever 12. The wires.10 are interwoven with cotton string 12 whose ends dip into troughs 13 supplied with Water from -pipes 14 which communicate with a main inlet pipe these strings' or threadsv as being spaced .apart, but it is obvious that they may be closer together, the intent being to keep the wires l0 moist at all times. As explained above the wet wires are'- separate from the connected vat 7 to the arms oi thermostat may be `formed made of any suitable materialv i icc ice 15. In'the drawing I have shown v dry wires, and act substantially 'as a sepa- 47 is provided with ay downwardly extend` tively. The end of the arm 35El while the end of the weight 55. The train wheels 58, 59, 60 and 61,`which 'are normally rate thermostat, the casing 1 being merely to hold both thermostats conveniently.

In Fig. 5 I have shown certain details of construction in which the operating lever 9, which, as described, is connected with the dry wire thermostat, is pivoted at 9a and is provided with segment 16 arranged to mesh with a gear or pinion 17 on a shaft 18. The shaft 18 is rotatably mounted in bear-4 ings 19, (see Fig. 1) and is provided with cam wheels f20, 21 .-and 22 respectively. Loosely mounted on the shaft 18 is a gear 23 to which is secured a cam wheel 24. The gear 23 isin mesh with a segment 25 at the end of the lever 12. The latter is pivoted at 12, and is operated by the wet wire ther# mostat in the manner hereinafterdescribed.

Pivotally mounted on a shaft 26 is a conducting arm A27 whose oppositef end-v is formed in the shape of an openloop 27a. This loop. is provided with upper and lower adjustable contact screws 28 and 29:1e'spec- .tively which are insulated from the loop itself, and whose lends form contact points 'arrangedto be engaged by the end o'fa conducting arm 30 which is pivoted at 31- to the arm 27; An antifriction wheel 32 is carried by the arm 27, and an antifriction` Wheel 33 is carried by the `arm`30. The former wheel is designed to'v be engaged by the cam wheel'20 and the wheel 33 yis'in allnement with and is designed to belen- 4 gaged by the cam wheel 24.

Pivotally mounted on a shaft 34 are pair of conducting arms 35a and 35b respec-.

is arranged to engage the' ends of adjustable contact screws 36 and 37carried by a bracket 38,

arm 35,1 is Varranged to engage s1m1lar contact 'screws 39 and 40 .carried by a bracket 41. The bracketsj3'8 and 41 are mounted on an insulating plate 42 which is supported by a rod 43. -The rod 43 bears an arm 44 which rests on 'the top of an eccentrically mounted disk 45, the purpose of which will be explained later.- The rod 43 is pivotally connected at 46 (see Fig. 1) to a lever 47 pivotally mounted at 48 on a movable block 49, which threaded to receive an adjusting screw 50 having 'a thumb wheel 51. The outer'end of the' levering end 47a which is arrangedto bear -norvmally on a cam disk 52 carried by a dial 53."

eferring now particularly tofFigs 1 and",-

. 2 it will be seen that I have provided a clock.'

train which I have' shown in general at.54`,"`VA and which is designed to be actuated by a" drives a gear v `56 on avshaft 57. Thelatter Vbears four contact engaged by spring contacts 58x, v'59", 60x and 6lx respectively. As will be seen from 'Figs/ 2 and 9 to 12 inclusive thewheel 58 has' a cut-away portion 58 .along its 'periphery.

disk or .neeted by The wheel 59 has a small cut-away `portion or recess' 5.9%.- The wheel 60 has a recess 60a, while the wheel 51 has two recesses 61a ,and 61b substantially 180 apart.. On4 the end of the shaft 57 is a disk 62, which is-provided with stop members 63 arranged to engage the end of a lever 64A which is pivr1`he stop members 63 when engaging' the lever 64 tend toforce the opposite end of the latter'up'wardly against a locking lug 68 carried by an armature 69of a magnet 70. The coils of the magnet are connected in circuit with' a contact springJ 71 whose end shaft 57 as shown.- A

Referring now to Figs.` 1 and 3 I ,have shown a second clock train which I have denoted in general by 72 and which is d rien is in constant engagement "with'the' by a weight 73. The train 72 is in mesh I vwith a gear 74 on fa 'shaft75. The latter 'l bears a disk 7 6 provided with stop members 77arranged to engage the Vend of a lever 78 which is heldby'the armature 79 of aV magnet 80 similar to thatdescribed in 'connectio-n" with the lever 64. `1Contact segments -81 and -82 are provided on thisshaft each being arranged to 'bel enga 'ed by contact springs 81x and 82". respectively Vwhen -the shaft '7 5 is in certainl positions. spring f 83 is normally in contact with the shaft 75 at The end of the Shearsbears a amv/'heel f v84- which engages a lever',85 pivoted at 8 6 l and connected with the valvesftem of'a valve o 87 disposed'in a chamber 88:1The'valve 87 controls a pipev 89'leadin'g to the .-vaporiz'er 90 which is-carried by the furnace 91. The "l I chamber 88 communicates with a; chamber `9.2.3015 having thereina oat-93 which is connected-.

by means of al lever 94 'With-,the valve stem-1j 0f a 'valve 95 in a chamber-96 which com'l C municates with the chambers-884 and The valve 95 controls an inlet whlc'h Vis l provided with a filter 97.

lReferring now particularly` to .Figa -4 it will be seen that the bottom ofthe vaporizer-Y 1 is provided with a pipe -98which enters a VY float chamber' 99-whoseiflo-at 1GO-has a stem 101 bearing :1U-shaped contact membeil 1'02, the ends of which are'arranged to dip ,5-

in mercury cups 103 'and '104cm opposite l' sides of the chamber. The stem 101'connects with a' lever 105 which isfpivoted at 106- and whichisprovided withia. contact V107l Q l'arrangedto dip into a-'mercury cup 108.V f 'i f 1 f he endof the shaft 571s provided with aA 'laterally extending' arm' 4109 hav-ing a' laterally-bent .end bearing a :loosely mvimtedlfi plate 11,0.'- This disk or platelis'con-` means of a fleXiblecord Or'eabIe' "111 which vpasses between' two guide "pulleys cheek-damper 114'. A5130 a 1 at :112 and 'over a ond cord or cablev 115 passes over a pulley 116 and is connected to the loosely mounted disk 110 at one end. IIt passes over guide pulleys 117 and 118 and is connected tothe direct draft door 119 of the furnace. lt will be seen that these cords 111 and 115 virtually form one continuous cord eXtending from the draft door to the check damper, and that these cords are moved simultane ously by the movement of the disk 110.

Two batteries B and B are preferably spring 83, the other terminal of the battery being connected by means o f the conductor 126 with the magnet 80. A conductor 127 connects the magnet 80 with the pivot rod 26. A branch wire 128 leads from the conductor 127 to the mercurycup 108. A wire 129 connects the mercury cupV 103 with the Contact screw 29. A wireg130 connects the contact screw 28 with the spring contact 81X. A branch wire 131 from the wire 130 leads to the lever 105, while a wire 132 connects the spring contact 82x with the mercury cup 104.

rln Fig. 8 I have illustrated the form of vaporizer which may be advantaneously used in this system, although it is apparent that ,any suitable form of vaporizei may be used. -The vaporizer which I have designated in general by 90 consists of an outer casing having a series of inclined shelves 90X secured to the opposite sides of the casing, the ends of theshelves on one side' terminating short of the casing on the opposite side, thereby providing a tortuous path for the water which is admitted by the pipe 89. The casing is provided with a series of perforations 90y for permitting the escape of vapor into the atmosphere and is connected by the pipe 98 with the float chamber 99, as

already stated.

The cam wheels 20 and 24 are designed to .operate so as to compensate` for dierence of reading of the wet wire and the dry Wire. Supposel we set the hygrostat for a humidity of 75. If the room temperature is at 60 F., the wet wire reading should be 5542i`C (see- Masons Hygrometer Tables). This gives a difference of 431,0. At F., the wet'wire reading should be 6440,21 difference of 540; at '75o the wet wire is at 69", a difference of 6; at 80Ol the wet wire is at 74, a diiference of 6; at 90o the wet wire is at 83, a difference of 7. The cani wheels 20 and 23 are so related to each other that any rotation of the wheel 23 that represents a departurefrom the differencev in degrees as required at any particular temperature will actuate the contact pins 28 and 29.

rI`he cam wheels 21 and 22 are so formed that the arm 35b engages the contact screw 39, one degree sooner than the arm 35a engages the contact 36, although the two arms may be moving at the same time. The arm 35b also engages the lower contact 44 one degree Sooner than the arm 35a engages the lower contact 37. 4

From the foregoing description of the various parts Iof the device the operation` thereof may be readily understood. Suppose there is very little moisture in the air. If the room grows hot the expansion of the thermostatic member connected to the arm 9 and'also of the thermostatic member connected to the arm 12 will permit both of these arms to move under the action of the springs 9s1 and 12s respectively (see Fig. 5) but the lever 12 is connected to the wet wire system, and consequently there will be a difference of radius in the cams which will cause the arm 30 to lower until contact is made at 29. Water is now running into the vaporizer and the room will be at the proper water content in a short time. When this point is reached the wheel 24 will rotate clockwise as there is now a less difference between the wet and the dry wire. This causes the arm 30 to rise and touch the'contact 28. A circuit is now closed from the positive pole of the battery B (see Fig. 1) through 126, so, 127, 2c, :30, as, 13o, 81X, si, 75, 83, '125 back to battery. The magnet 80 on pulling up releases the arm 78 which permits the shaft 7 5 to rotate into position 2 in which connection is made between the spring contact 82X and the semicirc'ular contact 82 while connection is broken be- 'tween 8'1x and 8,1. The rotation of the cani 84 causes the closing of the valve 87 thereby shutting off the water which flows through the pipe 89 into the vaporizer 90. Since no 'water is now running the moisture content 0f the room will be graduallylowered and the wet wire thermostat will become cooler, thus contracting and causing the lever 12 to rise and the wheel 24 to rotate counter-clockwise. This causes a difference in the radii of the two wheels 2O and 24 and the arm 30 nowlowers and makes contact at 29. A circuit is now established from the positive pole of the battery B through wire 126, magnet so, 127, Qc, ao, 29, 129, loe, 102, 104, 132, 82X, 82, 75, 83, 125 to the negative pole of the battery. rhe operation of the magnet 80 causes the release of the stop arm 7 thereby permitting the shaft to rotate under the action of the clock work 74 into the first position.

under the arm s-the cam wheel 84 comes 85, it raises the valve 87 sov 1e thus lifting the connecting wire 102 out of to the furnace or 'other mechanism.v Suppose the water should be left turnedon when the apparatus is in position 1,-tha t is to say,

when the contacts 81 and 81X are in engagement.` There will then be anoveriow into the pipe 98 and water will lift the float 99 the mercury cups 104 and 103 "and breaking the circuit traced above at this point. Now

if there should be a response from contact 29 and wire 129 the apparatus would not (if in position 2) lbe thrown into position 1 because the circuit is broken at 103 and 104.

is raised its terminal 107 lowers and dips into the -circuit 108. This completes the ciry.

cuit through the positive pole ofthe battery B through 126, magnet 80, 128, '108, 107,

105, 131, 130, 81x, e1, 75, se, -1'25 to negative pole of battery. This will actuate the apparatus to turn to position 2 with the water shut off from the system and it will remain shut oil' until thelwater is removed from 98 when the system will resume its normal action. The circuit-just traced is an emergency clrcuit and 1s not intended to operate except at time of accident.

It is to be remembered thatthe arm b 44 always will engage the contacts 39 and before the arm 35av will engage rthecontacts 36 and 37 because there is 1 of diference between the two. e

Consider'now position A of theset of contact members 58, 59, 60 and 61. This is a neutral position in which the check draft 114and the front draft 119 are both almost closed. The contact wheels 59, 60 and 61 are touching their respective spring contacts 59x, 60X and 61". If the room grows too hot, the arms 35a and 35b lower; if the room grows too cold, the arms 35a and 35b rise.

If 35a and 35 lower contact is made at 44 is out of the circuit and if the arms 35a and 35b'contin11e to lower contact is made at 37. I

This leads to the wheel 61 and a release circuitv is established .which is as follows: From batteryv B, through 120, 34, 35a, 37, 12,2, 61?, contact wheel-61, shaft 57, 71, releasevmagnet and back to battery7 B. The

actuation of the release magnet70 releases the arm 64 which permits a vquarter of al revolution of' the shaft 57, orluntil the next stop member 63, see Fig. 2, engages the arm 65. The whole# system of wheels under the actuation of theclock-work 54, has revolved now/into positionB/shown in Fig. 10. In

this position the front draft is closed and '4 the check draft is open. It should benoted that the wheels 58 andGI-are cut-olf from the contacts 44 and 37,- since the springs 58* ,A since there is no difference in and 61xare in alinement with the cut-away portions of the vcontact wheels. The only thingthat the system can do now is to cool off.

The lever 35b will first strike the contact 39. This is in electrical connection with .circuit, insteadof conductor, 122, contact 61?i and wheel 61. The system will now roI tate until thearm 109 is in position C. This Y again' is a neutral position. .a

There are now two possibilities: 'F 1rst possibility: 60 is out of the circuit and all l of the other Contact Wheels are in circuit. Suppose that the accident took place when the wheel 82 was in position 1. As lever 105 Suppose yit continues to grow colder, then contact. is made at 36 through the .wheel 59 and the system rotates intoposition D. All- -thewheels except 58 are now out of circuit.

The only thing that the system can do now' is to get too hot and the lever 35 will touch 44and connection will be made through 58 whereupon rotation will follow until posi'- tion 'A is again reached. Second possibility: Suppose it continues-v to grow hotter; contact is'made at 44, and through the wheel 5.8;vthe Isystem will now return to position the circuit until that position is reached.-

Consider the case. where Athev arms-35a I' and-35b rise, contact will first be made/at 39 and the wheel 460 and since 4that corn-f pletes the circuit the system will rotate to position C which is neutral and the next ,contact willbe made at 36 and the wheel 59. The system now turns topos'ition D. Everyvthing is now out of circuit except the wheel 58, but since the front draft isopen andthe lcheckdraft closed, the only thing thatcan ,occur is for the room to get too hot andas Soon'as this occursl contact will-be made at Y I' Vpoint 4 4 and the`wheel-f 58, and thel system turns to osition' A.

The obJect ofthe four wheels is to give a neutral position'and thus to'avoid extremes of temperature.

'It will be seen from the vabove description that I have provided a device which "not only controls the temperature of, a room but the humidity-as well. Inview of.thefact that'the best living conditions are dependent upon the humidity as well as upon the-temperature, the utility once appreciated.

I claim: Y 1. In a heating system, a shaft, a plurality of contact wheels carried by said shaft, con-v of the device will be at tacts arranged tobe engaged by said wheels,.

a motor for dri-ving the shaft, means for normally preventing the vrotationY of the shaft, release means in circuit with said con;v tacts and operated: by the engagement of the contact wheels with their'respectivecontacts for permitting the rotation of the shaft, a hygrostatic switch connected with said first-named contacts for controlling the circuit, said hygrostatic switch comprising a pair of arms, a dry thermostatic member be engaged by said Wheels, means for normally preventing the rotation of the "shaft, electro-magnetic means for releasing the shaft t'o permit the rotation thereof, and hygrostatic means for energizing said electro-magnetic means.

3. In a heating system a dry thermostat, a Wet thermostat, an arm operated by said dry thermostat, a shaft rotated by said arm, a cam carried by the shaft, an arm operated by the cam, said arm having a pair of contacts, an arm operated by said Wet thermostat, a second cam operated by said last-named arm, and a pivot arm arranged to be moved by said last-named cam, for engaging said contacts.

4. In a heating system, a dry Wire thermostate, a Wet Wire thermostat, a movable arm having a pair of contacts, a second movable arm having a pair of contacts arranged to engage the first mentioned contacts, and a differential jointly operated by both thermostats for bringing said contacts into engagement.

5. In a heating system, a dry Wire thermostat, a Wet Wire thermostat, a movable arm having a pair of contacts, a second movable arm having a pair of contacts arranged to engage the first mentioned contacts, a differential jointly operated by both thermostats forbringing said contacts into engagement, a motor, means controlled by the closure of certain of said contacts for actuating the motor, a furnace havinga vaporizer, and a Water supply for said vaporizer controlled by said motor.

6. In a heating system, adry Wire thermostat, a Wet Wirethermostat, a pivoted arm actuated by each thermostat, a shaft, means for rotating said shaft through a movement of one of said arms, a cam carried by the shaft, a third pivoted arm operated by said cam, opposed contacts carried by said arm,

. a fourth arm pivoted on said third-named.

arm an'd having contacts arranged to engage the first mentioned contacts, and a differen-v tial` device operated by the movement of the other of the first mentioned `arms for moving said fourth mentioned arm.

7 In a heating system, a dry Wire thermo` stat, a Wet 'Wire thermostat, a pivoted arm actuated by each thermostat, a shaft, a gear on said shaft, a segment carried by one of said arms andarranged to engage said gear, a cam carried by the shaft, a third pivoted arm operated by said cam, opposed contacts carried by said arm, a fourth arm pivoted on Said third-named arm and having contacts arranged to engage the first mentioned contacts,and a differential device operated by the movement of the other of the first mentioned arms for moving said fourth mentioned arm.

8. In a heating system, a dry wire thermostat, a wet Wire thermostat, a pivoted arm actuated by each thermostat, a shaft, a gear on said shaft, a segment carried by one of said arms and arranged to engage said gear,

la cam carried by the shaft, a third pivoted 

